反事实因果(Counterfactual)简介 - 知乎 - 知乎专栏
网页Counterfactual 简介. 确定的反事实. 反事实是什么？ 用了例子说明，比如你去了二仙桥，走的是成华大道，但是用了很久才到，于是你就想要是当初坐地铁就好了。 你会发现，“要是坐地铁就好了”这个推断只有在发生了“走成华大道用了很久”这个事实下才成立的。 什么意思呢，就是一般情况下走成华大道跟地铁是差不多的，但是当天路上发生了一个事故耽误了很久， 在已知事实下，你才能推断出坐地铁更好的结论，否则这个结论是不成立的。 显然，我 …
Counterfactuals - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
网页2019年1月18日 · Modal discourse concerns alternative ways things can be, e.g., what might be true, what isn’t true but could have been, what should be done. This entry focuses on counterfactual modality which concerns what is not, but could or would have been.
Counterfactual thinking - Wikipedia
网页Counterfactual thinking is a concept in psychology that involves the human tendency to create possible alternatives to life events that have already occurred; something that is contrary to what actually happened.
什么是因果分析中的counterfactual反事实？ - 知乎专栏
网页由于成本，伦理等原因，这些能够严密地推导出因果关系但无法进行的试验中的试验组就被称为counterfactual，反事实。 而所有研究相关领域因果关系的学者，所做的就是想尽一切办法去尽可能让自己的试验中试验组接近counterfactual。
Counterfactual Theories of Causation - Stanford Encyclopedia of …
网页2001年1月10日 · The basic idea of counterfactual theories of causation is that the meaning of causal claims can be explained in terms of counterfactual conditionals of the form “If event c had not occurred, event e would not have occurred”. Such analyses became popular after the publication of David Lewis’s (1973b) theory and alongside the development in ...
COUNTERFACTUAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
网页something such as piece of writing or an argument that considers what would have been the result if events had happened in a different way to how they actually happened: One …
COUNTERFACTUAL中文(简体)翻译：剑桥词典 - Cambridge …
网页adjective. formal uk / ˌkaʊn.təˈfæk.tʃu.əl / us / ˌkaʊn.t̬ɚˈfæk.tʃu.əl /. Add to word list. thinking about what did not happen but could have happened, or relating to this kind of thinking. …
Counterfactual Thinking: Why We Dwell on What Could Have Been
网页2023年4月7日 · In psychology, counterfactual thinking is the tendency we have to ruminate on the past and wonder “what could have been.” It involves thinking about the “what ifs” and “if onlys” as we envision what might have happened if we had taken a different path, made a different decision, or if a series of events somehow played out differently.
Counterfactual Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
网页The meaning of COUNTERFACTUAL is contrary to fact. How to use counterfactual in a sentence.
Counterfactual Thinking - SpringerLink
网页2023年1月1日 · To better understand why people engage in counterfactual thinking, Roese and Olson offered the first formulation of their functional theory of counterfactual thinking. According to them, counterfactual thinking serves two psychological functions, and each function is related to a specific structure of a counterfactual thought.