BACKGROUND: Endothelial cells (ECs) use glycolysis to produce energy. In preclinical models of peripheral arterial disease, further activation of EC glycolysis was ineffective or deleterious in ...

UDP-GlcNAc acts as a donor sugar and is generated through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, a nutrient-sensing pathway. Intracellular pools of the donor sugar UDP-GlcNAc are themselves ...

Finally, decreased GAPDH activity activates the polyol pathway, increases intracellular AGE formation, activates PKC and subsequently NFκB, and activates hexosamine pathway flux. If hyperglycemia ...

Historically, metabolism has been seen as a passive executioner of cell signaling. Previously we showed that a glucose metabolizing Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway (HBP) plays an important role in ...

FAO is catalyzed by the mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) and, if overloaded, generates ROS. ROS are boosted during ...

Because reactive oxygen species are produced via oxidative phosphorylation during anaerobic glycolysis, via the Schiff reaction during glycation, via glucose autoxidation, and via hexosamine ...

Although differentiation and activity of bone-forming osteoblasts are regulated at various levels, there is ample evidence ...