If thrombosis is not complete, treatment includes heparinization and thrombectomy. However, nephrectomy is often necessary. The clinical presentation of renal artery stenosis typically includes ...
Bilateral venous access was achieved percutaneous and/or surgical cutdown. Two 10 F short sheaths, either Cordis or Terumo, were placed. If a trans-septal puncture was planned, the systemic ...
Single-lung ventilation was used to harvest the LITA under direct visualization. The LITA graft was prepared for bypass surgery with internally applied papaverine solution and systemic heparinization.