Clouds form through evaporation and condensation. Water in lakes, rivers, oceans or puddles evaporates into water vapor as the sun heats it up. You can evaporate water yourself by boiling it ...
The heat transfer process can be divided into two parts, the sensible convection heat and the condensation latent heat. Their heat transfer rates can be measured by sensible heat transfer coefficient ...
The sloped device allows the solar heated water to circulate in gently swirling eddies, like the large “thermohaline” circulations in the ocean. This phenomenon drives the movement of ocean water ...